Wales

Capital: Cardiff

Key Facts & Statistics

Wales: Key Facts
Official Language(s)	English, Welsh (Cymraeg)
Population	~3.2 million
Area	20,779 km²
Established	11th Century
Government	Devolved Welsh Parliament (Senedd)
Currency	Pound Sterling (£ GBP)
Time Zone	GMT / BST (Summer)
Largest City	Cardiff

About Wales

Wales is a mountainous country on the western edge of Great Britain. It is a nation steeped in myth and legend, represented famously by the red dragon on its flag. Wales is celebrated for its incredible national parks, including Snowdonia and the Brecon Beacons, and an extensive coastline dotted with picturesque towns and over 600 castles.

Wales holds the distinction of having a continuous, living Celtic language (Welsh) that is spoken by hundreds of thousands of its residents today.

History

Inhabited by Celtic Britons, Wales resisted Anglo-Saxon incursions for centuries. It was eventually conquered by the English King Edward I in the late 13th century, leading to the construction of a massive "Iron Ring" of castles to maintain control.

Despite political integration with England through the Laws in Wales Acts in the 16th century, the Welsh maintained a strong cultural distinctiveness. In 1999, the National Assembly for Wales (now the Senedd) was established, restoring a significant degree of self-government.

Culture & Identity

Wales is known as the "Land of Song," famous for its male voice choirs, poetry, and the traditional Eisteddfod festivals. Rugby union is seen as a symbol of Welsh identity and passion. The culinary tradition includes hearty dishes like cawl, Welsh rarebit, and sweet Welsh cakes.